线上实测:IPv6 访问蜜罐后收到「你的 IP 已被封禁」,邮件里却是 `2408:…::/64` —— 既不像自己的地址,也说不清封了多大范围;同时用户自己 仍能正常访问,看日志也无从判断到底有没有封。 根因是「取证地址」与「封禁键」混用同一个变量(都取 LimitKey 的折叠值): - 取证丢掉精确 IPv6 后 64 位,事后无法定位到具体主机、没法和其他日志对账; - 邮件只给聚合键,运维第一反应是「不是我」,排查方向直接被带偏。 改动: - Serve 拆 clientIP(ResolveClientIP,精确)与 banKey(LimitKey,/64): DB / 凭据文件 / 告警邮件用前者,封禁 / 探测采样 / 告警去重用后者; - autoban.Options 新增 OnBan 回调(保持纯标准库、不引入 logrus), route.newBanner 注入后每次建封打 WARN:ban_key / reason / duration / expires_at; 中间件 403 分支加 Debug 日志(被封者会持续请求,Info 会被刷屏); - 告警邮件新增「封禁范围」行,仅 ip != ban_key 时渲染(IPv4 不重复显示), 顺带把过时的「已入库」改为「写入取证文件」——凭据早就外置了; - honeypot stats 的来源排行改按 LimitKey 合并,否则 IPv6 轮换地址会把 排行碎成几十条各 1 次的记录;合并口径与封禁完全一致。 测试(每项都做了变异验证:改坏→确认变红→恢复): - TestHoneypotRecordsExactIPv6ButBansByPrefix:精确地址进 DB 与凭据文件、 /64 才是封禁键、同 /64 换地址仍 403; - TestOnBanCallback:建封回调带键/时长/原因,封禁期内重复命中不重复回调; - TestHoneypotAlertTemplateRenders:IPv6 渲染封禁范围、IPv4 不重复; - TestMergeSourcesByKey:同 /64 合并、IPv4 原样、limit 与空输入。
552 lines
18 KiB
Go
552 lines
18 KiB
Go
// Copyright 2026 tamakyi. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
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// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
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package cmd
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import (
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"context"
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"fmt"
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"sort"
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"strings"
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"time"
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"github.com/pkg/errors"
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"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
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"github.com/tamakyi/TamaBox/internal/conf"
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"github.com/tamakyi/TamaBox/internal/db"
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"github.com/tamakyi/TamaBox/internal/security/honeypot"
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"github.com/tamakyi/TamaBox/internal/shared"
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)
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// Honeypot 提供蜜罐取证命令(只读 + 一条显式清理)。
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//
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// TamaBox honeypot hits --since 24h 列出捕获到的破解凭据
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// TamaBox honeypot stats --days 7 统计来源/路径/凭据排行
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// TamaBox honeypot size 报告表行数与磁盘占用
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// TamaBox honeypot prune --days 30 清理过期记录(保留期由配置决定)
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//
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// 密码默认脱敏:CLI 输出会被贴到工单、聊天窗口甚至截图里,
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// 明文只在确有取证需要时用 --show-password 显式打开。
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var Honeypot = &cli.Command{
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Name: "honeypot",
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Usage: "Inspect honeypot hits (fake admin login page credential capture)",
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Subcommands: []*cli.Command{
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{
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Name: "hits",
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Usage: "List captured credential submissions",
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Flags: []cli.Flag{
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&cli.StringFlag{Name: "since", Value: "24h", Usage: "Time window, e.g. 24h / 7d / 30m"},
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&cli.IntFlag{Name: "limit", Value: 50, Usage: "Max rows to print"},
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&cli.StringFlag{Name: "ip", Usage: "Only show hits from this source IP"},
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&cli.BoolFlag{Name: "show-password", Usage: "Print passwords in plaintext (default: masked)"},
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},
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Action: runHoneypotHits,
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},
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{
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Name: "stats",
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Usage: "Show honeypot statistics (top sources / paths / credentials)",
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Flags: []cli.Flag{
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&cli.IntFlag{Name: "days", Value: 7, Usage: "Statistics window in days"},
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&cli.IntFlag{Name: "limit", Value: 20, Usage: "Max rows per section"},
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&cli.BoolFlag{Name: "show-password", Usage: "Print passwords in plaintext (default: masked)"},
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},
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Action: runHoneypotStats,
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},
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{
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Name: "prune",
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Usage: "Delete honeypot records (DB metadata + credential files) older than the retention period",
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Flags: []cli.Flag{
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&cli.IntFlag{Name: "days", Value: 0, Usage: "Days to keep (0 = use honeypot_retain_days from config)"},
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&cli.BoolFlag{Name: "yes", Usage: "Skip confirmation"},
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},
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Action: runHoneypotPrune,
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},
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{
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Name: "size",
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Usage: "Report honeypot table row count and disk usage",
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Action: runHoneypotSize,
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},
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{
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Name: "paths",
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Usage: "List active decoy paths (built-in + honeypot_paths)",
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Action: runHoneypotPaths,
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},
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{
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Name: "purge-creds",
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Usage: "Drop legacy credential columns (username/password/fields/raw_body) from honeypot_hits — irreversible",
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Flags: []cli.Flag{
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&cli.BoolFlag{Name: "yes", Usage: "Skip confirmation"},
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},
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Action: runHoneypotPurgeCreds,
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},
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},
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}
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// parseSince 解析 --since 参数,支持 30m / 24h / 7d / 2w。
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func parseSince(s string) (time.Duration, error) {
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s = strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(s))
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if s == "" {
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return 24 * time.Hour, nil
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}
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unit := s[len(s)-1]
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numPart := s[:len(s)-1]
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var mult time.Duration
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switch unit {
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case 'm':
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mult = time.Minute
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case 'h':
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mult = time.Hour
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case 'd':
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mult = 24 * time.Hour
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case 'w':
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mult = 7 * 24 * time.Hour
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default:
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return 0, errors.Errorf("invalid --since value %q (expect e.g. 30m / 24h / 7d)", s)
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}
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var n int
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if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(numPart, "%d", &n); err != nil || n <= 0 {
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return 0, errors.Errorf("invalid --since value %q", s)
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}
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return time.Duration(n) * mult, nil
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}
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// credStoreFromConfig 用已加载的配置打开凭据取证目录。
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//
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// 凭据(用户名/密码)只在文件里,不查数据库 —— 所以任何需要展示凭据的
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// 命令都走这里,而不是 db.HoneypotStore。
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func credStoreFromConfig() (honeypot.CredStore, error) {
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return honeypot.NewFileCredStore(conf.Security.HoneypotCredDir)
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}
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func runHoneypotHits(ctx *cli.Context) error {
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dur, err := parseSince(ctx.String("since"))
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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// 凭据只在取证文件里,本命令不再连数据库 —— DB 挂了也能查。
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// (元数据在库里不含凭据内容,见 db.HoneypotHit.HadFields 的注释。)
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if err := conf.Init(); err != nil {
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return errors.Wrap(err, "load configuration")
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}
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store, err := credStoreFromConfig()
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if err != nil {
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return errors.Wrap(err, "open honeypot credential store")
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}
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since := time.Now().Add(-dur)
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filterIP := strings.TrimSpace(ctx.String("ip"))
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showPwd := ctx.Bool("show-password")
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// IP 过滤在读取阶段做(列表本来就是流式读,先取最近 N 条再筛会让
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// 指定 IP 的历史记录被其他 IP 挤出去)。
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rows, err := store.ListSince(since, filterIP, ctx.Int("limit"))
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if err != nil {
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return errors.Wrap(err, "read honeypot credentials")
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}
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fmt.Printf("蜜罐凭据记录(近 %s,共 %d 条,来源 %s)\n", dur, len(rows), store.Dir())
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fmt.Println(strings.Repeat("-", 72))
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if len(rows) == 0 {
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fmt.Println(" 无")
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return nil
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}
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for _, r := range rows {
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pwd := r.Password
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if pwd == "" {
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pwd = "(空)"
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} else if !showPwd {
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pwd = maskSecret(pwd)
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}
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user := r.Username
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if user == "" {
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user = "(空)"
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}
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fmt.Printf("%s %-8s %-6s %s\n", r.Time.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"), r.IP, r.Method, truncateForCLI(r.Path, 48))
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fmt.Printf(" 用户名:%s 密码:%s\n", truncateForCLI(user, 64), truncateForCLI(pwd, 64))
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if r.UserAgent != "" {
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fmt.Printf(" UA:%s\n", truncateForCLI(r.UserAgent, 96))
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}
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if r.Banned {
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fmt.Printf(" 处置:已触发封禁\n")
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}
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fmt.Println()
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}
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if !showPwd {
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fmt.Println("提示:密码默认脱敏。需要明文时加 --show-password。")
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}
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return nil
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}
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func runHoneypotStats(ctx *cli.Context) error {
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days := ctx.Int("days")
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if days <= 0 {
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days = 7
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}
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database, err := openDatabase()
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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store := db.NewHoneypotStore(database)
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cctx := context.Background()
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since := time.Now().AddDate(0, 0, -days)
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total, err := store.CountSince(cctx, since)
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if err != nil {
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return errors.Wrap(err, "count honeypot hits")
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}
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// 元数据表存的是精确地址(取证需要),但 IPv6 攻击者常在一个 /64 内轮换地址:
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// 直接按精确 IP 排行会碎成几十条各 1 次的记录,看不出「其实是同一个人」。
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// 多取一些再按封禁同口径(/64)合并,见 mergeSourcesByKey。
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limit := ctx.Int("limit")
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if limit <= 0 {
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limit = 20
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}
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sources, err := store.TopSources(cctx, since, limit*4)
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if err != nil {
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return errors.Wrap(err, "query top sources")
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}
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sources = mergeSourcesByKey(sources, limit)
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paths, err := store.TopPaths(cctx, since, ctx.Int("limit"))
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if err != nil {
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return errors.Wrap(err, "query top paths")
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}
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credStore, err := credStoreFromConfig()
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if err != nil {
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return errors.Wrap(err, "open honeypot credential store")
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}
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creds, err := credStore.TopCredentials(since, ctx.Int("limit"))
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if err != nil {
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return errors.Wrap(err, "query top credentials")
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}
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fmt.Printf("蜜罐统计:近 %d 天,共 %d 次命中\n", days, total)
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fmt.Println(strings.Repeat("-", 72))
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fmt.Println("来源排行(IPv6 按 /64 聚合,与封禁口径一致):")
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if len(sources) == 0 {
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fmt.Println(" 无")
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}
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for i, s := range sources {
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fmt.Printf(" %2d. %-40s %5d 次 %s\n", i+1, s.IP, s.Count, s.Provider)
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}
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fmt.Println()
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fmt.Println("被探测路径排行:")
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if len(paths) == 0 {
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fmt.Println(" 无")
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}
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for i, p := range paths {
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fmt.Printf(" %2d. %-50s %5d 次\n", i+1, truncateForCLI(p.Path, 50), p.Count)
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}
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fmt.Println()
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fmt.Println("最常被尝试的凭据组合(来自取证文件,非数据库):")
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if len(creds) == 0 {
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fmt.Println(" 无")
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}
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showPwd := ctx.Bool("show-password")
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for i, c := range creds {
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pwd := c.Password
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if pwd == "" {
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pwd = "(空)"
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} else if !showPwd {
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pwd = maskSecret(pwd)
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}
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user := c.Username
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if user == "" {
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user = "(空)"
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}
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fmt.Printf(" %2d. %-30s %-30s %5d 次\n", i+1, truncateForCLI(user, 30), truncateForCLI(pwd, 30), c.Count)
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}
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if !showPwd {
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fmt.Println()
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fmt.Println("提示:密码默认脱敏。需要明文时加 --show-password。")
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}
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return nil
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}
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func runHoneypotPrune(ctx *cli.Context) error {
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days := ctx.Int("days")
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if days <= 0 {
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days = conf.Security.HoneypotRetainDays
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}
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if days <= 0 {
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days = 30
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}
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database, err := openDatabase()
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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before := time.Now().AddDate(0, 0, -days)
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if !ctx.Bool("yes") {
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fmt.Printf("将删除 %s 之前的蜜罐记录(共保留 %d 天)。\n", before.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05"), days)
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fmt.Print("确认继续?输入 yes 继续:")
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var answer string
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if _, err := fmt.Scanln(&answer); err != nil || strings.TrimSpace(answer) != "yes" {
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fmt.Println("已取消。")
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return nil
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}
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}
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store := db.NewHoneypotStore(database)
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n, err := store.DeleteBefore(context.Background(), before)
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if err != nil {
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return errors.Wrap(err, "prune honeypot records")
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}
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fmt.Printf("已删除 %d 条过期蜜罐记录。\n", n)
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// 回收物理空间:PostgreSQL 的 DELETE 只标记死元组,表文件不会变小。
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// 不回收的话「清理」只是逻辑变小,磁盘占用继续单调增长。
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if n > 0 {
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if err := store.Compact(context.Background()); err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("提示:空间回收失败(%v),数据本身已正确删除;PostgreSQL 下可手动执行 VACUUM honeypot_hits。\n", err)
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}
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}
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// 凭据文件同样会过期,一并清理:明文账号密码不该比元数据留得更久。
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// 这也让「prune」在运维心里只有一个语义 —— 按保留期清干净,不用记两套。
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if cs, err := credStoreFromConfig(); err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("提示:无法打开凭据目录,凭据文件未清理(%v)。\n", err)
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} else if m, err := cs.PurgeBefore(before); err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("提示:凭据文件清理失败(%v)。\n", err)
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} else if m > 0 {
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fmt.Printf("已删除 %d 个过期凭据文件(%s)。\n", m, cs.Dir())
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}
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return nil
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}
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// runHoneypotSize 报告蜜罐表的行数与磁盘占用。
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//
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// 这个命令存在的意义:把「会不会把数据库撑臃肿」变成运维随时能自己查的事,
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// 而不是只能等开发一次性汇报。
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func runHoneypotSize(ctx *cli.Context) error {
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database, err := openDatabase()
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if err != nil {
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return err
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}
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store := db.NewHoneypotStore(database)
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info, err := store.Size(context.Background())
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if err != nil {
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return errors.Wrap(err, "query honeypot table size")
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}
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fmt.Println("蜜罐表体积")
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fmt.Println(strings.Repeat("-", 72))
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fmt.Printf(" 表名:honeypot_hits\n")
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fmt.Printf(" 存活记录:%d 条\n", info.Rows)
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if info.Bytes > 0 {
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fmt.Printf(" 磁盘占用:%s(含索引)\n", humanBytes(info.Bytes))
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if info.Rows > 0 {
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fmt.Printf(" 单条均摊:%d 字节\n", info.Bytes/info.Rows)
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}
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} else {
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fmt.Printf(" 磁盘占用:(当前数据库不支持元数据查询)\n")
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}
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if info.Oldest != nil && info.Newest != nil {
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fmt.Printf(" 时间跨度:%s → %s\n",
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info.Oldest.Format("2006-01-02 15:04"),
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info.Newest.Format("2006-01-02 15:04"))
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}
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fmt.Println()
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// 与配置中的两道闸对照,让运维一眼看出「当前是否在界内」。
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maxRows := conf.Security.HoneypotMaxRows
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retainDays := conf.Security.HoneypotRetainDays
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if maxRows > 0 {
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fmt.Printf("行数上限:%d 条(当前 %d 条,%s)\n", maxRows, info.Rows, usageRatio(info.Rows, int64(maxRows)))
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} else {
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fmt.Printf("行数上限:未设置(当前 %d 条)\n", info.Rows)
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}
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if retainDays > 0 {
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fmt.Printf("保留期:%d 天(自动清理 %s)\n", retainDays, onOff(conf.Security.HoneypotAutoClean))
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} else {
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fmt.Printf("保留期:未设置 —— 记录只增不减,需要手动执行 TamaBox honeypot prune\n")
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}
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// 凭据与元数据是两套存储,体积必须分开看:
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// 数据库里只有元数据,明文账号密码在文件里。
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fmt.Println()
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if cs, err := credStoreFromConfig(); err == nil {
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if n, size, err := cs.Size(); err == nil {
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fmt.Printf("凭据取证文件:%d 个,%s\n", n, humanBytes(size))
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fmt.Printf(" 目录:%s\n", cs.Dir())
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fmt.Println(" 说明:用户名/密码只存在这里,不入库;按天一个文件,随保留期一并清理。")
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}
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}
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return nil
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}
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// runHoneypotPaths 列出当前生效的诱饵路径。
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//
|
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// 存在的意义:honeypot_paths 是自由文本配置,写错了(拼错、写成正则、漏斜杠)
|
||
// 从任何输出里都看不出来 —— 这个命令让「我配的到底生效没」变成一条可查的事实。
|
||
func runHoneypotPaths(ctx *cli.Context) error {
|
||
// 本命令不查库(DB 挂掉时也能查配置),因此不能走 openDatabase 那条
|
||
// 顺带 conf.Init 的路径 —— 必须显式加载,否则读到的全是零值,
|
||
// 会显示「蜜罐关闭」并把 honeypot_paths 吞掉。
|
||
if err := conf.Init(); err != nil {
|
||
return errors.Wrap(err, "load configuration")
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
extra := honeypot.SplitPaths(conf.Security.HoneypotPaths)
|
||
builtin := honeypot.New(honeypot.Options{Enabled: true}).Prefixes()
|
||
active := honeypot.New(honeypot.Options{Enabled: true, ExtraPaths: extra}).Prefixes()
|
||
|
||
fmt.Printf("蜜罐开关:%s\n", onOff(conf.Security.EnableHoneypot))
|
||
if !conf.Security.EnableHoneypot {
|
||
fmt.Println("提示:enable_honeypot = false,以下路径当前不会接管任何请求。")
|
||
}
|
||
fmt.Println(strings.Repeat("-", 72))
|
||
fmt.Printf("生效诱饵路径:%d 条(内置 %d + 自定义 %d,重名已合并)\n",
|
||
len(active), len(builtin), len(extra))
|
||
for _, p := range active {
|
||
fmt.Println(" " + p)
|
||
}
|
||
if len(extra) > 0 {
|
||
fmt.Println()
|
||
fmt.Println("自定义路径(honeypot_paths):")
|
||
for _, p := range extra {
|
||
fmt.Println(" " + p)
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
return nil
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// runHoneypotPurgeCreds 删除旧版本留在 honeypot_hits 上的明文凭据列。
|
||
//
|
||
// 为什么需要:结构体早已去掉这些字段,但 GORM 的 AutoMigrate **不删既有列**,
|
||
// 老库升级上来后历史明文仍在,还会跟着进备份与主从复制。
|
||
// DROP COLUMN 不可逆,所以做成显式命令 + 二次确认,不放启动流程里自动执行
|
||
// (启动时只会 WARN 提示)。
|
||
func runHoneypotPurgeCreds(ctx *cli.Context) error {
|
||
database, err := openDatabase()
|
||
if err != nil {
|
||
return err
|
||
}
|
||
store := db.NewHoneypotStore(database)
|
||
|
||
cols, err := store.LegacyCredentialColumns(context.Background())
|
||
if err != nil {
|
||
return errors.Wrap(err, "check legacy credential columns")
|
||
}
|
||
if len(cols) == 0 {
|
||
fmt.Println("honeypot_hits 上没有遗留的凭据列,无需清理。")
|
||
return nil
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
fmt.Println("honeypot_hits 上仍存在以下旧版明文凭据列(整列删除,不可逆):")
|
||
for _, c := range cols {
|
||
fmt.Println(" " + c)
|
||
}
|
||
fmt.Println("注意:本命令只处理数据库;磁盘上的历史备份需要你自行处理。")
|
||
if !ctx.Bool("yes") {
|
||
fmt.Print("确认继续?输入 yes 继续:")
|
||
var answer string
|
||
if _, err := fmt.Scanln(&answer); err != nil || strings.TrimSpace(answer) != "yes" {
|
||
fmt.Println("已取消。")
|
||
return nil
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
dropped, err := store.PurgeLegacyCredentialColumns(context.Background())
|
||
if err != nil {
|
||
return errors.Wrapf(err, "凭据列删除中途失败,已删除 %v", dropped)
|
||
}
|
||
fmt.Printf("已删除 %d 列:%s\n", len(dropped), strings.Join(dropped, ", "))
|
||
return nil
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// usageRatio 给出当前用量相对上限的百分比描述。
|
||
func usageRatio(cur int64, max int64) string {
|
||
if max <= 0 {
|
||
return ""
|
||
}
|
||
pct := float64(cur) / float64(max) * 100
|
||
switch {
|
||
case pct >= 100:
|
||
return "已达上限"
|
||
case pct >= 80:
|
||
return "接近上限"
|
||
default:
|
||
return fmt.Sprintf("%.1f%%", pct)
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func onOff(b bool) string {
|
||
if b {
|
||
return "已开启"
|
||
}
|
||
return "已关闭"
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// humanBytes 把字节数格式化成人类可读形式。
|
||
func humanBytes(n int64) string {
|
||
const unit = 1024
|
||
if n < unit {
|
||
return fmt.Sprintf("%d B", n)
|
||
}
|
||
div, exp := int64(unit), 0
|
||
for v := n / unit; v >= unit; v /= unit {
|
||
div *= unit
|
||
exp++
|
||
}
|
||
return fmt.Sprintf("%.2f %cB", float64(n)/float64(div), "KMGTPE"[exp])
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// maskSecret 对密码做保长脱敏:保留首尾各 1 位,中间固定长度星号。
|
||
// 目的是让运维能分辨「是不是同一个密码」,但不把字典直接摊在终端上。
|
||
func maskSecret(s string) string {
|
||
r := []rune(s)
|
||
switch {
|
||
case len(r) <= 2:
|
||
return strings.Repeat("*", len(r))
|
||
case len(r) <= 6:
|
||
return string(r[0]) + strings.Repeat("*", len(r)-2) + string(r[len(r)-1])
|
||
default:
|
||
return string(r[0]) + strings.Repeat("*", 6) + string(r[len(r)-1])
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// mergeSourcesByKey 按「封禁 / 限流」的同一口径合并来源排行。
|
||
//
|
||
// 元数据表存的是精确地址(取证需要,见 db.HoneypotHit.IP),但 IPv6 攻击者
|
||
// 通常在一个 /64 内轮换地址:直接按精确 IP 排行会碎成几十条各 1 次的记录,
|
||
// 看不出「其实是同一台机器」。这里用 shared.LimitKey 折成 /64 ——
|
||
// 与 autoban 判定、限流的键完全一致,看到的排行就是「谁在被封」。
|
||
//
|
||
// 代价:SQL 只取了前 limit*4 条精确地址,极端长尾可能漏算,排行本身是近似展示。
|
||
func mergeSourcesByKey(rows []*db.HoneypotSourceStat, limit int) []*db.HoneypotSourceStat {
|
||
if len(rows) == 0 {
|
||
return rows
|
||
}
|
||
type agg struct {
|
||
count int64
|
||
provider string
|
||
}
|
||
merged := make(map[string]*agg, len(rows))
|
||
for _, r := range rows {
|
||
key := shared.LimitKey(r.IP)
|
||
if a, ok := merged[key]; ok {
|
||
a.count += r.Count
|
||
if a.provider == "" {
|
||
a.provider = r.Provider
|
||
}
|
||
continue
|
||
}
|
||
merged[key] = &agg{count: r.Count, provider: r.Provider}
|
||
}
|
||
out := make([]*db.HoneypotSourceStat, 0, len(merged))
|
||
for key, a := range merged {
|
||
out = append(out, &db.HoneypotSourceStat{IP: key, Count: a.count, Provider: a.provider})
|
||
}
|
||
sort.Slice(out, func(i, j int) bool {
|
||
if out[i].Count != out[j].Count {
|
||
return out[i].Count > out[j].Count
|
||
}
|
||
return out[i].IP < out[j].IP // 同次数时稳定排序,避免每次输出顺序抖动
|
||
})
|
||
if limit > 0 && len(out) > limit {
|
||
out = out[:limit]
|
||
}
|
||
return out
|
||
}
|